THREE GIANTS OF THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND CULTURE OF KAZAKHSTAN: “AL-FARABI – SHOKAN – ABAY” AS THE FOUNDATION OF SPIRITUAL EDUCATION

Abstract

The article examines the spiritual legacy of three great figures in the history of science and culture of Kazakhstan – Abu Nasyr al-Farabi, Shokan Ualikhanov, and Abay Kunanbayuly – in a comprehensive manner. The author reveals the interconnection of their philosophical, scientific, and literary views and analyzes their significance in the formation of national spirituality and social thought. Al-Farabi’s doctrine of the virtuous society, Shokan’s educational and scientific heritage, and Abay’s philosophy based on morality are described as the cornerstone of the current system of spiritual education. The article highlights the possibilities of applying the ideas of these three thinkers in educational and upbringing processes and justifies their value-oriented potential in shaping the worldview of the younger generation.